LEMP stacks are an open source platform for web applications consisting of Linux, Nginx, MySQL or MariaDB, and PHP or another language such as Python.
L – Linux
E – Nginx (Pronounced Engine-X)
M – MySQL
P – PHP
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Step 1 Log in to your Linux server with the root user. This has taken care of the ‘L’ of LEMP.
Step 2 Next we will update all the softwares to the latest versions
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo apt-get update
Step 3 Install MySQL on the server with the following command :
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo apt-get install mysql-server php5-mysql
You would be prompted to enter a password for your MySQL.
Once the installation is complete activate it using the following command :
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo mysql_install_db
Next run the MySQL set up script :
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
You will be prompted to enter your password. Then you will be asked to change the root password, type N and move on. For the rest of the options chose ‘Y’.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y ... Success! By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y ... Success! Cleaning up...
Step 4 Install PHP
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo apt-get install php5-fpm
Open www.conf file
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo vi /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
Find the line
;listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock ; listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
and change it to
listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock
Save the file and exit and restart php-fpm :
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo service php5-fpm restart
Step 5 Install nginx
sibanda@gs2:~# echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/nginx/stable/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx-stable.list sibanda@gs2:~# sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys C300EE8C sibanda@gs2:~# sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install nginx
You need to start nginx by typing :
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo service nginx start
Step 6 Copy the default config file for Nginx
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo cp -rf /etc/nginx/sites-available/default /etc/nginx/sites-available/magwinya.co.za
I normally delete the default nginx server block to avoid “conflicting server name” error.
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo rm -rf /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
Step 7 Open the copied config file for Nginx
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/magwinya.co.za
The Server block for the config file should have the following settings
# You may add here your
# server {
# ...
# }
# statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file
##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls
# http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration
#
# Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
# file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##
# Server Block Configuration for www.magwinya.co.za
server {
listen 80;
# listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
root /home/mwired/public_html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name magwinya.co.za www.magwinya.co.za;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
# Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
# include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
}
location /doc/ {
alias /usr/share/doc/;
autoindex on;
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow ::1;
deny all;
}
# Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests
#location /RequestDenied {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
#}
error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
# fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
#
# # With php5-cgi alone:
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php5-fpm:
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht/ {
deny all;
}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
#
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
#
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#
# ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
# ssl_ciphers "HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5 or HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!3DES";
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
Step 8
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-available/magwinya.co.za /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
Alternatively, you can activate the host by creating a symbolic link between the sites-available directory and the sites-enabled directory.
sibanda@gs2:~# sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/magwinya.co.za /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/magwinya.co.za
Important: Restart php-fpm and nginx so that changes can take effect.
sudo service php5-fpm restart && service nginx restart